Rural Youth Employment in Government Organizations in Makuey District, Gambella Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

This study investigates the employment dynamics of rural youth in government organizations within the Makuey district of Ethiopia, highlighting a pressing issue that significantly influences socio-economic development. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research incorporated both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Sampling techniques included simple random, stratified, and purposive sampling to select the study sites of Makuey, Puokuath, and Adura, along with their respective respondents. Data collection involved both primary and secondary sources, and descriptive statistics were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Inferential statistics included chi-square and t-tests, with econometric analysis performed via a binary logistic model. The findings indicate a high unemployment rate of 60% among rural youth in government positions, with a notable reliance on the services (57%) and agriculture sectors (36%) for livelihood. Moreover, the analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between relative occupational levels and youth employment (p = 0.059), while work experience is found to negatively impact employment prospects (p = 0.000). These outcomes suggest that familial connections and social networks are critical for job acquisition, thereby exacerbating barriers for youth without such ties. To mitigate these challenges, it is recommended that regional and district governments foster a more equitable working environment, ensuring fair access to job opportunities free from nepotism. Additionally, targeted interventions should be implemented to empower rural youth, contributing to a more inclusive labor market and promoting broader socio-economic development in the district. This study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive policy reforms to enhance rural youth employment prospects in Gambella.